The Jewish Star of David means a lot of different things for a lot of different people:
God's rule
Creation
Jewish identity
As above as below
Four elements
Masculine – feminine
Astronomical configuration
Protection
Messiah
Hope
Suffering
Survival
Messianic
Twelve tribes
Opposites
Marriage
Sukkah Guests
Jerusalem (Zion , Zionism)
Water and fire in Alchemy
One of the stars in the sky
House of David
Symmetry
Personal meanings
Anyhow the main interpretations are that it stands for Israel and or Judaism. How to draw the line between these representations opens another arena.